Error estimates for spectral convergence of the graph Laplacian on random geometric graphs towards the Laplace--Beltrami operator
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We study the convergence of the graph Laplacian of a random geometric graph generated by an i.i.d. sample from a m-dimensional submanifold M in R^d as the sample size n increases and the neighborhood size h tends to zero. We show that eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the graph Laplacian converge with a rate of O(( n/n)^1/2m) to the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the weighted Laplace-Beltrami operator of M. No information on the submanifold M is needed in the construction of the graph or the "out-of-sample extension" of the eigenvectors. Of independent interest is a generalization of the rate of convergence of empirical measures on submanifolds in R^d in infinity transportation distance.
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